生物 2008 年 DSE、CE 選擇題（第 5 頁）

41.

Which of the following are reasons why bacteria can evolve rapidly in response to environmental changes?

(1)They mutate more readily.

(2)They have a short life cycle.

(3)In each reproduction, they produce a large number of offspring.

42.

Which of the following processes does not contribute to variations in humans?

43.

Arrange the following steps of genetic engineering in the correct order.

(1)multiply copies of the gene by the host cell

(2)insert the desired gene into the vector

(3)cut out the desired gene

(4)introduce the vector into the host cell

(5) screen for host cells with the desired gene

44.

The diagram below shows a kidney and some associated vessels.

Kidney and associated vessels 1, 2 and 3

Which of the following comparisons about the amount of the substances in the associated vessels is correct?

	Higher	Lower
concentration of oxygen	1	2
water content	1	3
concentration of glucose	3	1
concentration of urea	3	2

45.

Questions 47 and 48 refer to the diagram below, which shows a section of the eye:

Which of the following combinations correctly describes the condition of the eye when a long-sighted person is focusing on a near object?

	Condition of structure 1	Position where the image is focused
	pulled	in front of structure 2
	pulled	behind structure 2
	slackened	in front of structure 2
	slackened	behind structure 2

46.

Questions 47 and 48 refer to the diagram below, which shows a section of the eye:

Refraction of light occurs at

47.

Which of the following comparisons about voluntary action and simple reflex action is incorrect?

	Voluntary action	Simple reflex action
	not inborn	inborn
	may involve a stimulus	involves a stimulus
	we are aware of the action taken place	we are not aware of the action taken place
	the same stimulus may lead to different responses	the same stimulus leads to the same response

48.

Which of the following are the advantages of asexual reproduction?

(1)The offspring colonize a new habitat rapidly.

(2)The offspring preserve the good traits from their parents.

(3)The offspring are adapted to their parents’ natural environment.

49.

Questions 51 and 52 refer to the diagrams below. Diagram I shows the longitudinal section of a part of a root. Diagram II shows a photomicrograph of the cells taken from the root.

Diagram I: root with regions P, Q, R, S; Diagram II: photomicrograph of cells 1 to 4

The cells shown in Diagram II are probably taken from region

50.

Questions 51 and 52 refer to the diagrams below. Diagram I shows the longitudinal section of a part of a root. Diagram II shows a photomicrograph of the cells taken from the root.

Which of the following bar charts correctly shows the relative amount of DNA present in the labelled cells shown in Diagram II?

Bar charts A to D of the amount of DNA in cells 1 to 4