國際貿易
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41.
| Country | Output per unit of resources | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Wheat (units) | Cotton (units) | ||
| X | 2 | OR | 4 |
| Y | 1 | OR | 3 |
According to the above table, country X has a ______ opportunity cost in producing wheat and country Y has a comparative advantage in producing ______. Therefore, country Y will import ______ from country X.
42.
Refer to the following table:
| Toys (units) | Machinery (units) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| HK’s output per man-hour | 30 | OR | 20 |
| U.S.A.’s output per man-hour | 50 | OR | 40 |
(1)The U.S.A. has an absolute advantage in producing both goods.
(2)The U.S.A. has an absolute advantage in producing machinery only.
(3)Hong Kong has a comparative advantage in producing toys.
(4)Hong Kong has a comparative advantage in producing machinery.
43.
International trade is beneficial to a country if
44.
The following table shows the number of man-hours required for the production of two goods X and Y in Countries A and B.
| Country A | Country B | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 unit of X | 1 man-hour | 2 man-hours |
| 1 unit of Y | 3 man-hours | 4 man-hours |
According to the principle of comparative advantage,
45.
A country gains from trade because
46.
The table below shows the production of two goods in two countries:
| One unit of resources can produce | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Clothes (units) | Toys (units) | ||
| Country X | 10 | OR | 5 |
| Country Y | 2 | OR | 1 |
Suppose there are no barriers to trade between the two countries,